Fatty Acid Metabolism

1. Background
   1. Structure
   2. Physiological roles
   3. Digestion and transport
      1. lipase
      2. serum albumin
   4. Glycerol fate
      1. Phosphorylated
         1. glycerol kinase
      2. oxidized
         1. glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
      3. isomerized
         1. triose phosphate isomerase
2. Activation and Transport
   1. Activation
      1. acyl-CoA synthase
      2. Two step reaction
      3. Carnitine Shuttle
      4. carnitine acyltransferase I
      5. acyl-carnitine/carnitine transporter
      6. carnitine acyltransferase II
      7. Reasoning
3. FA nomenclature
4. Beta Oxidation
   1. Saturated, even number C FA
      1. dehydrogenation
         1. acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (AD)
      2. hydration
         1. enol-CoA hydratase (EH)
      3. dehydrogenation
         1. b-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
      4. thiolysis
         1. acyl-CoA acetyltransferase
      5. Energy
   2. Unsaturated FA chains
      1. structure
      2. Monounsaturated FAs
         1. enoyl-CoA isomerase
      3. Polyunsaturated FA
         1. 2,4-dienol-CoA reductaseOdd numbered FA chains
         2. propionate
      4. propionyl-CoA
      5. 3 additional enzymes
         1. carboxylated
            1. methylmalonyl-CoA
            2. propoinyl-CoA carboxylase
         2. epimerized
            1. methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase
         3. intrameolecular rearrangement
            1. succinyl-CoA
            2. methylmalonyl-CoA mutase
5. Ketone bodies
   1. acetone
   2. acetoacetate
   3. D-b-hydroxybuterate