Opioids Chapter 14

1. Pain
   1. nociceptors
   2. neuropathic
   3. Physiology
2. Opioids
   1. History
      1. opium
      2. morphine
      3. endogenous opiates
   2. Types
   3. Opioid Receptors
   4. Two pathways
3. Morphine
   1. Trade Name
      1. MS Contin
   2. Background
   3. Actions
   4. Pharmacokinetics
   5. Adverse effects
   6. Tolerance
4. Codeine
   1. Background
   2. Uses
   3. Pharmacokinetics
5. Semisynthetic opioids
   1. oxycodone (Oxycontin)
   2. oxymorphone (Opana)
   3. hydromorphone (Diluadid, Exalgo)
   4. hydrocodone (Lortab, Vicodin, +)
6. Synthetic opioids
   1. fentanyl (Astral, Actiq, Duragesic, Fentora, Lazanda, Subsys)
   2. Other synthetic opioids
      1. sufentanil (Sufenta)
      2. alfentanil (Alfenta)
      3. remifentanil (Ultiva)
   3. methadone (Dolophine)
   4. meperidine (Demerol)
   5. tramadol (Conzip, Ultram)
7. Partial Agonist & Mixed agonists
   1. Definitions
   2. buprenorphine (Belbuca, Buprenex, Butrans, Probuphine, Subutex)
   3. pentazocine (Talwin)
8. Antagonists
   1. Definition
   2. Effects - Stage I, Stage II, Stage III
   3. naloxone (Evzio, Narcan)
      1. naloxone & buprenorphine (Suboxone)
   4. naltrexone (Vivitrol)
9. Heroin = diacetylmorphine