Pharmacokinetics Chapter 1
- Pharmacokinetics
- absorption
- distribution
- metabolism
- elimination
- Routes of administration
- Administration by mouth
- oral
- enteric-coated
- extended-release (ER or XR)
- sublingual/buccal
- Parenteral
- intravenous (IV)
- intramuscular (IM)
- Subcutaneous (SC, subQ, SQ, subcu)
- Intradermal
- Other
- inhalation, topical, transdermal, rectal
- Entry of Drugs Into Circulation
- Source
- Across plasma membrane
- passive diffusion
- facilitated diffusion
- active transport
- endocytosis
- Bioavailability
- determination
- influencing factors
- first-pass metabolism
- solubility
- chemical instability
- nature of drug formulation
- From Circulation to Extracellular Fluid
- Drug distribution
- Factors affecting drug distribution
- Drug clearance through metabolism
- clearance (CL)
- Kinetics of metabolism
- Reactions of drug metabolism
- Phase I rxns
- p450 bkg
- family 1, 2
- xenobiotics
- Phase II
- Clearance by Kidney
- "ion trapping"
- Clearance by other routes
- dosage changes