Respiratory System Disorders Chapter 29

1. Asthma
   1. Pathophysiology
   2. Therapy goals
   3. b2-Andrenergic agonists
      1. Quick relief
         1. SABAs
         2. albuterol (Proair, Proventil, Ventolin)
         3. levalbuterol (Xopenex)
      2. Long-term control
         1. LABAs
         2. salmeterol (Servent)
         3. formoterol (Foradil, Perforomist)
   4. Corticosteroids
      1. ICS
      1. administration routes
         1. inhalation
         2. oral
      2. medications
         1. fluticasone (Flovent)
         2. budesonide (Pulmicort)
         3. mometasone (Asmanex)
   5. Alternative asthma treatments
      1. leukotriene modifiers
         1. pathway
            1. 5-lipoxygenase
         2. medications
            1. montelukast (Singulair)
            2. zafirlukast (Accolate)
         3. pharmacokinetics
      2. theophyline (Elixophyllin, theo-24, Uniphyl)
      3. omalizumab (Xolair)
2. COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
   1. Background
      1. irreversible
      2. progressive
      3. symptoms
   2. Therapies
      1. bronchodilators - inhaled
         1. b2-andrenergic agonists
         2. cholinergic antagonists
            1. ipratropium (Atrovent)
            2. tiotropium (Spiriva)
      2. corticosteroids
      3. other
         1. roflumilast (Daliresp)
3. Inhaler Technique
   1. MDIs - metered-dose inhalers
   2. DPIs - dry powder inhalers
   3. SpacersAllergic Rhinitis
   4. Background
   5. Antihistamines
      1. background
      2. first generation
         1. diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
         2. chlorpheniramine (Chlor-trimenton)
      3. second generation
         1. fexofenadine (Allegra)
         2. loratadine (Claritin)
         3. desloratadine (Clarinex)
         4. cetirizine (Zyrtec)
         5. azelastine (Astelin, Astepro)
   6. Corticosteroids
      1. background
      2. medications
         1. fluticasone (Flonase)
         2. budesonide (Rhinocort)
         3. mometasone (Nasonex)
   7. a-Andrenergic agonists
      1. short acting
         1. phenylephrine (Sudafed PE, Neosynephrine)
         2. pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
      2. longer acting
         1. oxymetazoline (Afrin, Dristan)
   8. Other
      1. cromolyn
4. Cough
   1. Background
   2. Opioids
      1. Codeine
      2. dextromethorphan
      3. guaifenesin
   3. benzonatate